Statistics and Programming
Frequency histograms are useful when you want to get an idea about the distribution of values in numeric variable. The hist() function takes a numeric vector as its main argument. To construct a histogram, the first step is to “bin” (or “bucket”) the range of values— divide the entire range of values into a series …
Summarizing your data, either numerically or graphically, is an important component of any data analysis. Fortunately, R has excellent graphics capabilities and can be used whether you want to produce plots for initial data exploration, model validation or highly complex publication quality figures. Base R Graphics The base R graphics system is the original plotting …
In business, perhaps the most widely used file format to store the data is the excel workbook. An excel workbook contains tables which can easily perform calculations. Just as CSV file can be imported using read.csv() function, Excel file can be imported using read_excel() function. In this article we will look at various options to …
The first step in any kind of data analysis in R is to load the data, that is, to import a dataset into the R Environment. There are variety of data files you can import into R, which includes: Among all the files types used to store the data, perhaps the most widely used on …
When you wanted to import the text file in R, you must have used read.table() function. But do you know that you can pass on more than 20 different arguments to read.table() function? You must have used lm() function to come up with linear regression equation, but do you know that you can pass on …
Need HELP in R? A sneak peak into R’s Help ecosystem. Read More »
When the new data is presented to you for the analysis, you would like to get first hand information on the data set before diving deep into analysis. This is similar to doing a warm up exercises before engaging your body into high intensity workout. In this tutorial we will look at six different ways …
Learn 6 easy functions from base R to spot check your data set Read More »
R packages are extensions to the R programming language. R packages contain code, data, and documentation in a standardized collection format that can be installed by users of R, typically via a centralized software repository such as CRAN (the Comprehensive R Archive Network). In this article, we will have a look at R package system, …
In R, a list is an ordered collection of objects, like vector, but lists can actually combine objects of different types. List elements can contain any type of object that exists in R.
The factor data type is used to represent character data. This character data, however takes a small number of distinct values. Each distinct value is represented by a integer code, which is called as level of the factor variable.
A data frame represents a data with a number of rows and columns. Unlike matrix, data frames can contain variables with different data types, therefor Data Frames are heterogeneous.
